Structure of the Italian National Health System for Genetics
Genetic testing in Italy is provided through the Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (SSN), which is organized into 21 regional health systems. While the central government sets the "Essential Levels of Assistance" (Livelli Essenziali di Assistenza or LEA), the regions are responsible for the actual delivery of services.
Testing is primarily performed at:
Academic University Hospitals: Leading research and diagnostic hubs often located in major cities like Rome, Milan, and Bologna.
IRCCS (Scientific Institutes for Research, Hospitalization, and Healthcare): Specialized centers that combine clinical care with high-level research in fields such as oncology and neurology.
Accredited Private Laboratories: Facilities that meet specific national quality standards and often collaborate with the SSN to provide specialized testing.